鼠伤寒沙门菌对抗生素和消毒剂耐药性研究
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(1.四川农业大学食品学院,四川 雅安 625014;2.上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海 200336; ;3.四川农业大学资源学院,四川 成都 611130)

作者简介:

何雪萍 女 硕士生 研究方向为食品微生物 E-mail:704438756@qq.com 陈姝娟 女 副教授 研究方向为食品安全检测 E-mail:chenshujuan1@163.com 邹立扣 男 教授 研究方向为微生物与食品安全 E-mail:zoulikou@sicau.edu.cn

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国家自然科学基金(31671954,31701518);四川省科技厅应用基础项目(2017JY0118);成都市科技局技术创新重点研发计划(2019-YF05-00823-SN);成都市科技局重大科技应用示范项目(2019-YF09-0050-SN)


Antibiotic and disinfectant resistance of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium
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(1.College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Ya'an 625014, China;2.Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China;3.College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan Chengdu 611130, China)

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    摘要:

    目的检测302株食品源、动物源和人源鼠伤寒沙门菌(Salmonella enterica Typhimurium)对抗生素和消毒剂的耐药表型,测定消毒剂耐药基因型,并分析鼠伤寒沙门菌对抗生素和消毒剂耐药的相关性。方法 纸片扩散法测定鼠伤寒沙门菌对16种抗生素的耐药性,微量肉汤稀释法测定4种消毒剂的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentrations, MICs),聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)检测消毒剂的耐药基因。结果 鼠伤寒沙门菌分离株中96.03%(290/302)至少对一种抗生素有耐药性,79.80%(241/302)是多重耐药(multidrug resistant, MDR)菌株。分离株对链霉素的耐药率最高(78.81%,238/302),其次是磺胺复合物(78.15%,236/302)、四环素(75.50%,228/302)、氨苄青霉素(71.85%,217/302),所有分离株均对头孢吡肟和亚胺培南敏感。食品源鼠伤寒沙门菌对磺胺复合物、四环素、氨苄西林、萘啶酸和庆大霉素的耐药率均高于动物源和人源鼠伤寒沙门菌,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);动物源鼠伤寒沙门菌对环丙沙星和氧氟沙星的耐药率高于食品源和人源鼠伤寒沙门菌,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);人源鼠伤寒沙门菌对头孢噻肟和头孢他啶的耐药率高于食品源和动物源分离株。消毒剂苯扎氯铵、三氯生、三氯异氰尿酸和聚维酮碘对鼠伤寒沙门菌分离株的MICs范围分别为2~64、0.031 25~1、32~1 024和256~>1 024 mg/L。食品源与动物源鼠伤寒沙门菌对苯扎氯铵、三氯生和聚维酮碘的耐药率高于人源鼠伤寒沙门菌,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分离株中消毒剂耐药基因qacEΔ1、sugE(p)和qacE检出率分别为56.95%(172/302)、20.53%(62/302)和2.65%(8/302),qacEΔ1基因与鼠伤寒沙门菌对β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类、四环素类、氟喹诺酮类、磺胺类、氯霉素类和喹诺酮类的耐药性显著相关(P<0.01)。结论 鼠伤寒沙门菌对抗生素耐药普遍,多重耐药率较高,并表现对消毒剂的耐药,鼠伤寒沙门菌对抗生素和消毒剂耐药存在相关性。

    Abstract:

    Objective The aims of this study were to investigate the antibiotic resistance, disinfectant resistance and their associations in 302 Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) isolates from retail meats, food animals and humans. Methods Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed according to the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of disinfectants were determined by broth microdilution method, and disinfectant resistance genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Results Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated that 96.03% (290/302) of S.Typhimurium isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 79.80% (241/302) were multidrug resistant (MDR). Tested isolates showed the highest resistance to streptomycin (78.81%,238/302), followed by compound sulphonamides (78.15%,236/302), tetracycline (75.50%,228/302) and ampicillin (71.85%,217/302). All isolates were sensitive to cefepime and imipenem. The resistance of S. Typhimurium from food to compound sulphonamides, tetracycline, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, and gentamicin were significantly higher than those from human and animal origin (P<0.05). The resistance of animal isolates to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin was significantly higher than that of food and human isolates (P<0.05). The resistance of human isolates to cefotaxime and ceftazidime were higher than those of food and animal isolates. The MICs of benzalkonium chloride (BC), triclosan (TCS), trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) and povidone iodine (PVP-I) for S.Typhimurium isolates were 2-64,0.031 25-1,32-1 024 and 256->1 024 mg/L, respectively. In addition, the frequency of resistance to PVP-I, BC and TCS was observed significantly higher in food and animal isolates than human isolates (P<0.05). The qacEΔ1, sugE(p) and qacE disinfectant resistance genes were detected in 56.95% (172/302), 20.53% (62/302) and 2.65% (8/302) of all the isolates, respectively. Notably, qacEΔ1 gene was significantly associated with β-lactam, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, sulfonamide, quinolone and chloramphenicol resistance (P<0.01). Conclusion It was indicated that antibiotic and disinfectant resistance were common among S. Typhimurium isolates and the use of disinfectants or antibiotics may contribute to co-selecting isolates with acquired resistance to other antimicrobials, which could pose significant threats to food safety and public health.

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何雪萍,许学斌,刘爱平,何利,杨勇,敖晓琳,周康,陈姝娟,邹立扣.鼠伤寒沙门菌对抗生素和消毒剂耐药性研究[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2020,32(4):356-363.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-22
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-08-30
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