With the development of the food industry and the progress of related research in recent years, the application of “probiotics” in food products and its health claim in label and advertisement which have a very important influence on consumers' cognition and choices becomes a continuous concern by both industries and administration department. This article summarizes and analyzes the definition of probiotics and the management of related health claims in international organizations and countries or regions such as China, the European Union, the United States, Canada and Japan. The similarities and differences of the use of “probiotics” concept and its health claims in various food types, relevant requirements and management frameworks which can be used for the management modification of probiotics food in China were studied and discussed. The aim of this article is to provide reference for improving the management and promoting the industry development of probiotics in China.