广西养殖牡蛎中诺如病毒的污染状况及风险评估
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(广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西 南宁 530028)

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吕素玲 女 副主任技师 研究方向为微生物检验 E-mail:38662631@qq.com通信作者:┣┣(中)通信作者┫┫李秀桂 男 主任技师 研究方向为微生物检验 E-mail:xglgxcdc@163.com

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广西壮族自治区卫生厅科研课题(Z2014154)


Prevalence of Norovirus contamination in oysters cultured in Guangxi and its risk assessment
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(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Nanning 530028, China)

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    摘要:

    目的 研究广西养殖场、农贸市场及餐饮场所牡蛎中诺如病毒的污染状况,对广西养殖牡蛎中诺如病毒可能引发的发病风险进行评估。方法 采用荧光逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法对广西养殖场、农贸市场、餐饮场所牡蛎样品中诺如病毒污染状况进行检测,采用Risk Ranger软件对牡蛎中诺如病毒进行半定量风险评估。结果 480份牡蛎样品中诺如病毒总检出率为11.04%(53/480),其中养殖场及农贸市场检出率分别为15.83%(38/240)、12.50%(15/120),餐饮场所牡蛎样品未检出诺如病毒;基因分型结果显示检出的诺如病毒均为GⅡ型。风险评估结果显示,加工后食用和生食的风险评分为44和67分,分别为中度和高度风险,预计食用者每人每天患病的可能性分别为3.29×10-6和3.29×10-2,预计广西每年患病人数分别为3.10×103和3.10×107人。结论 广西养殖场及农贸市场牡蛎中诺如病毒污染情况较为严重,污染的诺如病毒基因型均为GⅡ型,不生食牡蛎及食用前有效的加工处理是减少诺如病毒食源性疾病发生的有效方法。

    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the prevalence of Norovirus in oysters cultured from farms, markets and restaurants, and to assess the foodborne disease risks. Methods Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used to detect Norovirus RNA in oysters from farms, markets and restaurants. The semi-quantitative risk assessment for Norovirus in oysters was made by Risk Ranger. Results The overall detection rate of Norovirus in the 480 oyster samples was 11.04% (53/480). The detection rates of Norovirus in oyster samples from farms and markets were 15.83% (38/240) and 12.50% (15/120), respectively. No Norovirus was detected in oyster samples from restaurants. All Norovirus detected were genogroup Ⅱ(GⅡ). The relative risks for Norovirus caused by eating processed oysters and raw oysters were 44 and 67, the probabilities of illness caused by oyster per day per consumer of interest were 3.29×10-6 and 3.29×10-2, and the total predicted patients per annum of interest were 3.10×103 and 3.10×107, respectively. Conclusion The result highlight a high prevalence of Norovirus GⅡ contamination in oysters from farms and markets in Guangxi. Avoiding eating raw oysters and processing before eating are all effective method to decrease Norovirus infection.

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吕素玲,谭冬梅,姚雪婷,李秀桂.广西养殖牡蛎中诺如病毒的污染状况及风险评估[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2018,30(5):509-513.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-06-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-09-29
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