陕西省某养猪场4种细菌耐药性和毒力基因检测
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(1.西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;2.国家食品安全风险评估 中心 国家卫生健康委员会食品安全风险评估重点实验室, 北京 100021)

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柳江山 女 硕士生 研究方向为微生物食品安全 E-mail:liujiangshanljs@qq.com通信作者:┣┣(中)通信作者┫┫杨保伟 男 教授 研究方向为食品微生物 E-mail:ybw090925@163.com

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基金项目:

国家重点研发计划-食源性微生物耐药参考物质体系研究与评价(2017YFC1601402);动物源食物链中耐药性细菌污染和传递机制研究(K308021501);杨凌示范区科技攻关(2016NY-13)


Detection of antibiotic susceptibility, resistance and virulence genes of 4 bacteria in a pig farm in Shaanxi Province
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(1.College of Food Science and Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Shaanxi Yangling 712100,China;2.NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100021, China)

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    摘要:

    目的 研究陕西省某养猪场4种细菌的耐药性和毒力基因流行状况。方法 采用纸片扩散法测定2015—2016年从陕西省扶风县某养猪场分离的85株大肠埃希菌、93株肠球菌、33株沙门菌和7株金黄色葡萄球菌对14种抗生素的耐药性。采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法检测肠球菌和沙门菌携带的部分耐药基因,以及肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌携带的毒力基因。结果 7株金黄色葡萄球菌均对庆大霉素、阿米卡星、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢哌酮和头孢西丁敏感,对萘啶酸的耐药率(100.00%,7/7)高于其他抗生素,差异有统计学意义(χ2=54.77,P<0.05)。33株沙门菌均对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢哌酮和头孢西丁敏感,对 甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑(100.00%,33/33)和四环素(96.97%,32/33)的耐药率高于其他9种抗生素,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.83,P<0.05)。大肠埃希菌对四环素的耐药率(87.06%,74/85)高于其他13种抗生素,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.68,P<0.05),对阿莫西林/克拉维酸和头孢西丁的耐药率较低。肠球菌对 甲氧苄啶/ 磺胺甲噁唑的耐药率最高(97.85%,91/93)。肠球菌中aph(3′)-Ⅲ耐药基因的检出率最高(47.13%,41/87)。沙门菌中aadA1、aadA2耐药基因的检出率最高,均为84.85%(28/33)。肠球菌中毒力基因asal的检出率最高(50.57%,44/87)。金黄色葡萄球菌中sea、see和seb毒力基因的检出率分别为42.86%(3/7)、42.86%(3/7)和14.29%(1/7)。结论 陕西省某养猪场中4种细菌的耐药现象较为严重,部分菌株携带常见毒力和耐药基因,需要进一步加强监测,科学使用抗生素,从源头上保障猪肉食品的安全。

    Abstract:

    Objective To understand the prevalence of antibiotic susceptibility, virulence and antibiotic resistance associated genes of 4 kinds of bacteria in a pig farm in Shaanxi Province. Methods Eighty five Escherichia coli, 93 Enterococcus, 33 Salmonella and 7 Staphylococcus aureus isolates that recovered from a pig farm in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province, from 2015 to 2016, were tested for their susceptibility to 14 antibiotics by disk diffusion method. Some antibiotic resistance associated genes in Enterococcus and Salmonella, and some virulence genes in Enterococcus and S.aureus were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results All S.aureus isolates were susceptible to gentamicin, amikacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefoperazone and ceficidin. The rate (100.00%,7/7) of nalidixic acid resistant for S.aureus isolates was significantly (χ2=54.77,P<0.05) higher than that of other antibiotics tested for. All Salmonella isolates were sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefoperazone and cefoxitin. The rates of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100.00%,33/33) and tetracycline (96.97%,32/33) resistant Salmonella isolates were significantly (χ2=5.83,P<0.05) higher than those of the remaining 9 antibiotics tested for. Seventy-four E.coli isolates resisted to tetracycline, and the rate (87.06%,74/85) of tetracycline resistant was significantly (χ2=4.68,P<0.05) higher than that of other 13 antibiotics screened for. The rates of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefoxitin resistant E.coli isolates were lower than other antibiotics. The rate (97.85%, 91/93) of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistant Enterococcus isolates was the highest.The detection rate(47.13%,41/87)of aph(3′)-Ⅲ gene in Enterococcus isolates was the highest. The detection rates of aadA1 and aadA2 in Salmonella isolates were the highest, both were 84.85% (28/33). The detection rate(50.57%, 44/87)of Enterococci isolates virulence gene asal was the highest. The detection rates of sea, see and seb genes in S.aureus isolates were 42.86%(3/7), 42.86%(3/7) and 14.29%(1/7), respectively. Conclusion Antibiotic resistance situation of the 4 kinds of bacteria in the pig farm in Shaanxi Province was quite serious, and the majority of the isolates carried antibiotic resistance associated genes and virulence genes. The antibiotic application and monitoring should be strengthened to ensure the safety of pork from the source.

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柳江山,高诗琦,彭子欣,李凤琴,黎娜,葛武鹏,杨保伟.陕西省某养猪场4种细菌耐药性和毒力基因检测[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2018,30(6):577-581.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-10-06
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-01-23
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