婴幼儿谷类辅助食品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇污染水平及其风险评估
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(国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京 100022)

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王小丹 女 助理研究员 研究方向为食品安全风险评估 E-mail:wangxiaodan@cfsa.net.cn通信作者:┣┣(中)通信作者┫┫梁江 女 副研究员 研究方向为食品安全风险评估E-mail:liangjiang@cfsa.net.cn

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国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1603104)


Contamination of deoxynivalenol in cereal-based complementary foods and its health risk in infants and young children
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(China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China)

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    摘要:

    目的 了解我国市售婴幼儿谷类辅助食品(以下简称谷类辅食)脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)污染情况并评估婴幼儿来源于谷类辅食的DON暴露风险。方法 在我国6省共采集了360份市售谷类辅食样品,包括米粉类183份、饼干类91份、面条类67份、其他类19份,检测每份样品中DON、3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(3-Ac-DON)和15-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(15-Ac-DON)含量。分别采用点评估和简单分布评估方法估计3岁以下婴幼儿来源于谷类辅食的DON急性和慢性暴露风险。结果 谷类辅食DON检出率为60.3%(217/360),平均含量为116.3 μg/kg,最大值为1 198.7 μg/kg;面条类DON平均含量最高(342.7 μg/kg),其次为饼干类(173.0 μg/kg),米粉类最低(12.0 μg/kg)。3岁以下婴幼儿食用面条类辅食的DON急性暴露量可能超过成组急性参考剂量(ARfD)。食用谷类辅食的婴幼儿DON平均暴露量为0.27 μg/(kg·d),其中7.3%(243/3 320)的个体来源于谷类辅食的DON暴露量超过成组暂定每日最大耐受摄入量。不同年龄组谷类辅食食用者DON平均暴露量分别为0~<1岁0.22 μg/(kg·d)、1~<2岁0.31 μg/(kg·d)、2~<3岁0.37 μg/(kg·d)。面条类辅食对DON平均暴露量的贡献率最高,达77.8%。结论 在当前谷类辅食DON污染水平下,3岁以下婴幼儿来源于谷类辅食的DON暴露量可能存在健康风险,需要关注。

    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the contamination of deoxynivalenol (DON) in cereal-based complementary foods and its health risk in infants and young children. Methods 360 samples of cereal-based complementary foods, including 183 rice flour samples, 91 biscuit samples, 67 noodle samples, and 19 other types, were collected from 6 provinces in China. The concentration of DON, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-Ac-DON) and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-Ac-DON) in each sample was analyzed. Point estimate and simple distribution estimate were applied to evaluate the acute and chronic exposure risk, respectively. Results The positive rate of DON in all samples was 60.3% (217/360), with the average and maximum levels of 116.3 and 1 198.7 μg/kg, respectively. The average DON concentration in noodles, biscuits and rice flour samples were 342.7,3.0 and 12.0 μg/kg, respectively. Acute DON exposure from noodles had the risk of exceeding the group acute reference dose. The average DON exposure from cereal-based complementary foods was 0.27 μg/(kg·d) in infants and young children, and there were 7.3% (243/3 320) of individuals exceeding the group provisional maximum tolerable daily intake. The average exposure in each age group were 0.22 μg/(kg·d) for 0-<1 years, 0.31 μg/(kg·d) for 1-<2 years, and 0.37 μg/(kg·d) for 2-<3 years. Noodles contributed a major proportion (77.8%) to the average DON exposure from cereal-based complementary foods. Conclusion DON exposure from cereal-based complementary foods carried health risk in infants and young children, which needs to be concerned.

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王小丹,梁江,高芃,曹佩,王晔茹,徐海滨.婴幼儿谷类辅助食品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇污染水平及其风险评估[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2019,31(3):255-259.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-19
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-07-09
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