不同类型膳食脂肪酸对肥胖小鼠肝脏及其血液中脂肪酸组成和代谢相关基因影响
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(首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京 100069)

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范荣 女 硕士生 研究方向为营养与老年相关慢性疾病 E-mail:fanrong53782@sina.com 麻微微 女 副教授 研究方向为营养与老年相关慢性疾病 E-mail:weiweima@ccmu.edu.cn

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国家自然科学基金项目(81773406)


Effect of dietary fatty acids on hepatic and blood fatty acid profile and metabolic associated genes in obese mice
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(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

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    摘要:

    目的 探讨不同类型膳食脂肪酸对肥胖小鼠肝脏及其血液中脂肪酸组成及代谢相关基因的影响。方法 8周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为7组,即对照组(喂基础饲料)、长链饱和脂肪酸(LCSFA)组(喂猪油高脂饲料)、中链饱和脂肪酸(MCSFA)组(喂椰子油高脂饲料)、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)组(喂亚麻籽油高脂饲料)、n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(n-6 PUFA)组(喂大豆油高脂饲料)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)组(喂橄榄油高脂饲料)和反式脂肪酸(TFA)组(喂8%氢化大豆油高脂饲料),每组10只,共干预16周,所有种类饲料总能量均相同,基础饲料脂肪供能比为10%,各高脂饲料脂肪供能比均为45%,喂养周期结束后,禁食12 h,麻醉后立刻解剖取出肝脏。采用气相色谱法分析肝脏及其血液中脂肪酸组成的变化,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测肝脏脂肪酸代谢相关基因的表达,肝脏脂质沉 积采用油红O染色法检测。结果 与对照组比较,LCSFA组、MCSFA组、n-6 PUFA组、MUFA组和TFA组小鼠肝脏中均出现明显的脂质沉积,n-3 PUFA组小鼠肝脏未出现明显的脂质沉积。与对照组比较,LCSFA组小鼠肝脏及血液中总n-6 PUFA和总PUFA含量升高;n-3 PUFA组小鼠肝脏及血液中总n-3 PUFA和总PUFA含量增加,但总MUFA含量减少;n-6 PUFA组小鼠肝脏及血液中总n-6 PUFA、总n-3 PUFA和总PUFA含量升高,但总饱和脂肪酸(SFA)和总MUFA含量降低;MUFA组小鼠肝脏及血液中总SFA含量减少;TFA组小鼠肝脏及血液中C18∶1 n-9t(TFA)含量升高;以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。LCSFA组和MCSFA组小鼠肝脏脂肪酸代谢基因固醇调节元件结合蛋白1(SREBP-1c)mRNA水平高于对照组和n-6 PUFA组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 与对照组比较,LCSFA组、MCSFA组、n-6 PUFA组、MUFA组和TFA组小鼠肝脏中均出现明显的脂质沉积,n-3 PUFA组小鼠肝脏未出现明显的脂质沉积。与对照组比较,LCSFA组小鼠肝脏及其血液中总PUFA和总n-6 PUFA含量升高;n-3 PUFA组小鼠肝脏及血液中总PUFA和总n-3 PUFA含量增加,但总MUFA含量减少;n-6 PUFA组小鼠肝脏及血液中总 C18∶1 n-9t(TFA)含量升高;以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。LCSFA组和 总 MUFA含量降低;MUFA组小鼠肝脏及血液中 n-6 PUFA、总n-3 PUFA及总PUMA含量升高,但总饱和脂肪酸(SFA)和总 SFA含量减少;TFA组小鼠肝脏及血液中 MCSFA组小鼠肝脏脂肪酸代谢基因固醇调节元件结合蛋白1(SREBP-1c)mRNA水平高于对照组和n-6 PUFA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 小鼠肝脏及其血液中脂肪酸构成与其对应的膳食脂肪酸模式一致。不同类型脂肪酸高脂饲料可通过对相关基因的表达影响肥胖状态下肝脏的脂质代谢及脂质沉积。

    Abstract:

    Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary fatty acids on hepatic and blood fatty acid profile and metabolic associated genes in obese mice. Methods Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 7 groups with 10 cases in each group including control group, long-chain saturated fatty acid (LCSFA) group, medium-chain saturated fatty acid (MCSFA) group, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) group, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) group, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) group and trans fatty acid (TFA) group, fed with normal-fat diet (providing 10% of total energy), lard high-fat diet, coconut oil high-fat diet, linseed oil high-fat diet, soybean oil high-fat diet, olive oil high-fat diet and 8% hydrogenated soybean oil high-fat diet respectively for 16 weeks. The fat-to-energy ratio of high-fat diet was 45%. The total energy of all diets was the same. After being fasted for 12 hours, the mice were anesthetized and the liver tissues were collected. Fatty acids composition in liver and blood samples were analyzed by gas chromatography. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to measure the expression of hepatic and blood fatty acid metabolic associated genes. Oil red O staining was carried out to assess the hepatic lipid accumulation. Results Compared with the control group, significant hepatic and blood lipid accumulation were observed in the LCSFA, MCSFA, n-6 PUFA, MUFA and TFA groups. The n-3 PUFA group had less hepatic and blood lipid accumulation. Compared with the control group, the contents of total PUFA and total n-6 PUFA in the LCSFA group were significantly increased. The levels of SFA and MUFA were significantly elevated in the MCSFA group. The levels of total n-3 PUFA and total PUFA in the hepatic and blood of n-3 PUFA group were significantly rise up, but the content of total MUFA was significantly decreased. The levels of total n-6 PUFA, total n-3 PUFA and total PUFA in the n-6 PUFA group were significantly increased, but the contents of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and total MUFA were significantly reduced. The content of MUFA was significantly elevated, but the content of total SFA in the MUFA group was significantly decreased. The C18∶1 n-9t (TFA) content in the TFA group was significantly increased(P<0.05). The expression level of hepatic fatty acid metabolism gene sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA in the LCSFA and MCSFA groups were significantly higher than those in the control and n-6 PUFA groups(P<0.05). Conclusion The fatty acids composition in mice liver and blood changed in accordance with dietary fatty acids pattern. Different types of high fatty acid diet could affect hepatic lipid metabolism and accumulation under obesity by regulating the expression of related genes.

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范荣,化轶男,申静宜,刘紫妍,孔维娟,章萌,肖荣,麻微微.不同类型膳食脂肪酸对肥胖小鼠肝脏及其血液中脂肪酸组成和代谢相关基因影响[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2020,32(1):1-9.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-30
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-02-25
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