The rapid development of private standards possesses a tremendous impact on Codex standards. The difference and relationship between private standards and Codex standards in terms of the speed of developing standards, extent of stringency, evidence of enacting standards, costs of certification and transparency etc. were analyzed in this paper. The possible impacts of private standards on Codex standards and the sound development of private standards while ensuring the authority of Codex standards were considered. It is suggested that technical support on industries for improving their infrastructure of establishments should be provided. Furthermore, it should be strengthened on investigating into private standards, following their developments, and reducing the negative impacts on China’s trade as low as possible, in order to ensure the sound development of food industries and ultimately to protect consumers’ health.