To understand the causes of food poisoning incidents in Guangxi, and to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of the incident prevention and control.Methods The data of food poisoning in Guangxi during 2010-2014 were collected and analyzed by the food types, pathogenesis, and pathogenic factors by using descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 98 food poisoning incidents occurred in Guangxi, resulting in 2 446 cases and 35 deaths. The main suspicious foods were mixed foods, livestock and poultry meat and castor bean. Causes of the events were eating by mistake, inappropriate processing and cross-contamination. Bacterial poisoning was the main risk factor, and the poisonous plants had the highest mortality.Conclusion The food poisoning and the pathogenic factors caused by different food had specific patterns and characteristics. A high risk food list should be developed, and targeted prevention and control measures should be taken.