With the development of the social economy and changes in lifestyle, the nutrition and health conditions of residents in Guangdong Province have improved, and nutritional deficiency diseases have significantly decreased. However, problems such as unreasonable diet structure and unbalanced nutrient intake have become increasingly apparent, at the same time, chronic diseases related to nutrition and behavioral lifestyle are growing rapidly, but the prevention and control effect is not ideal. This article will review and sort out policies and measures for the prevention and control of dietary nutrition and diseases in Guangdong Province, policies and measures responded to nutrition and related diseases at home or abroad or in Guangdong Province, and put forward prospects and suggestions on the current problems, to further promote the development of nutritional prevention and control work in Guangdong Province.