Based on existing diagnostic criteria for animal and plant food poisoning, one of the difficulties to make a confirmed diagnosis according to the law is to obtain related morphological identified information. The major difficult points and problems for the implementation of morphological identification are: lack of accreditation organizations, methods and standards; no residual poisoning food remained or the morphology of food being damaged after processing; the value of identifying ordinary commercial poisonous animal and plant food and eating common poisonous animal and plant food by mistake is small; morphological identification of processed animal and plant food was difficult; the same type of toxic components have different biological problems. For this reason, a more completed set of diagnostic criteria was proposed: morphological identification should be taken as supplementary diagnostic criteria; the scope of laboratory diagnosis should be extended; a general statement on diagnostic criteria was proposed. Suggestions of setting a national directory on poisonous animal and plant foods, and strengthening the study on laboratory diagnostic indicators and test methods for toxins and other biological samples were proposed.